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Aedes mosquito, also known as ‘Asian tiger mosquito’ has typical black and white stripe markings on their body and legs.
Risk:
Aedes aegypti is the main vector of human diseases like dengue and chikungunya
Anopheles mosquitoes have discrete blocks of black and white scales on the wings. Adult females can survive up to 1 month.
Risk:
Anopheles mosquitoes are known to transmit malaria. Anopheles culicifacies is responsible for transmission of 60-70% malaria in India.
Approximately 5-6 mm in length, brownish grey, lays eggs on surface of water which stick to one another as floating rafts.
Risk:
Mostly nuisance mosquitoes; some Culex spp. are transmitters of serious diseases like filariasis, encephalitis and various arboviral infections that has significant impact on human health.
Controlling mosquitoes using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) involves several strategies:
1. *Eliminate Breeding Sites:* Remove standing water where mosquitoes lay eggs (e.g., old tires, bird baths). Empty and clean containers regularly.
2. *Use Biological Controls:* Introduce natural predators like mosquito larvae-eating fish (e.g., Gambusia affinis).
3. *Physical Barriers:* Use window screens, mosquito nets over beds, and close doors and windows to prevent mosquitoes from entering.
4. *Chemical Controls:* Apply insecticides sparingly and according to label instructions. Consider using larvicides in standing water where larvae develop.
5. *Behavioral Controls:* Use mosquito repellents on skin and clothing when outdoors, especially during peak mosquito activity times.
6. *Community Efforts:* Coordinate with neighbors or local authorities to control breeding sites in larger areas.
By combining these methods, you can effectively manage mosquitoes while minimizing environmental impact and health risks.